PAC-LVTest Procedure

17.2

17.2.1 Ihame

17.2.1.

17.2.1.2.Kumenya igisubizo cya PAC-LV wongeyeho minerval / iyode *

Niba amylose ihari, ihindurwa ibara ryamabara.

17.2.2 Reagent n'ibikoresho

a) Amazi ya Deionised cyangwa yatoboye

b) Igisubizo cya Nitrate, urugero Merk 1.09.089.1000 (CAS No 7553-56-2) 7) 0.05.

c) Potasiyumu iyode 1 Merk 1.0504 3.0250 PA (CAS No 7681-11-0

d) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (CAS No 1310-73-2): igisubizo cyoroshye, 0.1% -0.5%.

17.2.3

17.2.3.1 Stirrer 1ta Model 98 Multi-shaft Stirrers ifite moteri ya 9B29X cyangwa icyuma gihwanye na kimwe

sinusoidal waveform,umurambararo wa diameter.Mm 25 (lin, yakubiswe hejuru).

17.2.3.2 Igikombe cyo guhagarika umutima gifite ubunini bwa mm 180 (7.1 in) zubujyakuzimu, mm 97 (3-5 / 6 in) diameter ya

umunwa wo hejuru,na mm 70 (2,75 in) diameter ya base yo hepfo (urugero M110-D ubwoko bwa Hamilton Beachigikombe

cyangwa Ikintu gihwanye).(Ikirahuri cya ml 600 gishobora no gukoreshwa mu gusimbuza.)

17.2.3.3 Ibiyiko bya laboratoire.

17.2.3.4.

17.2.3.5 Kuringaniza: Ukuri ni 0.01 g.

17.2.3.6 Amashanyarazi yububiko 100ml

17.2.3.7 Amashanyarazi ya pasteur cyangwa plastike yatonyanga.

17.2.3.8 Igihe: Imashini cyangwa ibikoresho bya elegitoronike, ukuri 0.1 min.17.2.3.9 metero pH na pH electrode:

urugero Ubwoko bwa Thermo Russell KDCW1 19)

17.2.3.10 Ibikoresho byo kugaburira polimeri (urugero Fann 10) cyangwa 0Fl ubwoko bwa 11))

17.2.3.11.

17.2.4 Uburyo - Gutegura Iyode / Potasiyumu Iyode

17.2.4.1 Ongeramo 10 μl ± 0.1 ml ya 0.05 mol / l iyode yumuti kuri ml 100 ± 0.1 ml flask ya volumetric.

17.2.4.2 Ongeraho 0,60 g ±..01 g Potasiyumu iyode (KI), uzunguza buhoro flask kugirango uyishonge.

17.2.4.3 Ongeramo amazi ya deionised kuri 100 ml hanyuma uvange neza.Andika itariki yo kwitegura.

17.2.4.4 Igisubizo cya iyode / iyode kibitswe mu kintu gifunze kandi kibikwa ahantu hijimye, hakonje kandi humye.

Itariki izarangiriraho igera ku mezi atatu kandi igomba gutabwa kandi igasubirwamo.

17.2.5 Inzira - PAC-LV Gutegura Igisubizo no Kumenya Krahisi

17.2.5.1 Tegura igisubizo cyamazi 596 ya PAC-LV kugirango igerageze.

Ongeramo 380 g ± 0.1 g y'amazi ya deionised mugikombe kivanze, ongeramo 2 g ± 0.1 g ya PAC-LV kumuvuduko umwe

mugihe ukangura kuri stirrer,kandi igihe cyo kongerwaho kigomba gukomeza kuri 60 s kugeza 120 s.

Icyitegererezo kigomba kongerwaho imivurungano mugikombe kivanze, kandi wirinde gukurura igiti kugirango ugabanye umukungugu.

Nibyiza gukoresha igikoresho cyo kwishyuza polymer muri 17.2.3.10.

17.2.5.2 Nyuma yo gukurura iminota 5 ± 0.1 min, kura igikombe cya stir muri stirrer hanyuma ukureho PAC-LVs zose zometse kuri

urukuta rw'igikombe hamwe na spatula.PAC-LVs zose zometse kuri scraper zavanze mubisubizo.

17.2.5.3 Gupima pH yumuti.Niba pH iri munsi ya 10, ongeramo igisubizo cyoroshye cya NaOH gitonyanga.

Kuzamura pH kuri 10

17.2.5.4.Subiza igikombe gikurura kuri stirrer hanyuma ukomeze kubyutsa.Igihe cyose cyo gukangura kigomba kuba 20 min ± 1 Min.

17.2.5.5 Shira ml 2 yumuti wicyitegererezo mumiyoboro yikizamini hanyuma wongereho ibitonyanga bitonyanga 3 byumuti wa iyode / iyode,

kugeza ku bitonyanga 30.

17.2.5.6 Tegura ibice bitatu byubusa hamwe namazi yimana.Ongeramo ibitonyanga 3, ibitonyanga 9, ibitonyanga 30 bya iyode / iyode kuri

imiyoboro yo kugereranya ibizamini.

17.2.5.7 Nyuma yo kongeramo ibitonyanga 3 byumuti buri gihe, shyira buhoro buhoro kugirango ugereranye ibara ryicyitegererezo

hamwe n'ikizamini cyubusa.Kugereranya amabara bigomba gukorwa inyuma yumweru.

17.2.6 Icyemezo - Kumenya PAC-LV

17.2.6.1 Niba igisubizo cyicyitegererezo kigeragezwa cyerekana ibara ry'umuhondo kimwe n'ikizamini cyambaye ubusa, icyitegererezo ntabwo

birimo ibinyamisogwe cyangwa ibikomoka kuri krahisi.

17.2.6.2 Niba hari irindi bara rihari, herekanwa cyane ko hari ibinyamisogwe cyangwa ibinyamisogwe

17.2.6.3 Niba ibara risa nkaho ryacitse vuba, byerekana ko hari umukozi ugabanya, muriki kibazo,

komeza wongereho iyode / iyode Igisubizo, kugereranya ibara hamwe nikimwe mubizamini byubusa, reba 17.2.61.

17.2.6.4 Niba hagaragaye ibara ryibara ritandukanye na 17.2.6.1, ntabwo ari ngombwa gukomeza ikizamini gikurikira

17.3 Ubushuhe

17.3.1 Ibikoresho 17.3.1.1 Ifuru: Igenzurwa kuri 105 ° C ± 3 ° C (220 ± 5>.

17.3.1.2 Impirimbanyi: Ukuri kwa 0.01 g.

17.3.1.3 Ibyuka bihumeka: Ubushobozi 150 ml.

17.3.1.4.

17.3.1.5 Desiccator: Irimo desiccant (CAS No 7778-18-9) desiccant, cyangwa ibisa nayo

17.3.2 Uburyo bwo Kwipimisha

17.3.2.1 Gupima 10 g ± 0.1 g Icyitegererezo cya PAC-LV kugirango upime Mu isahani ihumeka, andika icyitegererezo cya m

17.3.2.2 Kama icyitegererezo mu ziko kuri 4 h

17.3.

yumye PAC-LV, andika icyitegererezo cyumye cyiza m2.

17.3.3 Kubara

17.4 Gutakaza amazi

17.4.1 Reagent n'ibikoresho

17.4.1.1 Umunyu winyanja: Suzuma ubutaka ukurikije ASTM D 1141-98 (2003) 12

17.4.1.2 Igipimo cya API.

17.4.1.3 Chloride ya Potasiyumu (CAS No 7447-40-7)

17.4.1.4 Sodium Bicarbonate (CAS No 144-55-8).

17.4.1.5 Amazi yatanzwe cyangwa yatoboye.

17.4.2 Ibikoresho

17.4.2.1 Thermometero: Ikigereranyo cyo gupima ni 0 ° C ~ 60 ° C, ibisobanuro ni 0.5 ° C

(intera yo gupima ni 32 ° F ~ 140 ° F, ibisobanuro ni 1.0 ° F)

17.4.2.2 Impirimbanyi: Ibisobanuro ni 0.01g.

17.4.2.3 Stirrer: Niba ubwoko bwa 9B bwinshi-shaft stirrer ifite ibyuma 9B20x,igiti kigomba gushyirwahoa

ingaragusine wave blade ifite umurambararo wa mm 25 (1 in) ufite kashe hejuru.

17.4.2.4 Igikombe cyo guhagarika umutima gifite ubunini bwa mm 180 (7.1 in) zubujyakuzimu, mm 97 (3-5 / 6 in) diameter ya

umunwa wo hejuru,na mm 70 (2,75 in) diameter ya base yo hepfo (urugero M110-D ubwoko bwa Hamilton Beach ikurura igikombe).

17.4.2.5.

17.4.2.6 Igikoresho: Ikirahure cyangwa plastike, hamwe nigitereko cyangwa umupfundikizo, bikoreshwa mumazi yumunyu.

17.4.2.7 Viscometero: Amashanyarazi, gusoma mu buryo butaziguye, ukurikije ISO 10414-1

17.4.2.8 Ibihe: Babiri, ubukanishi cyangwa elegitoronike, hamwe na 0.1 min mugihe cyapimwe muri iki kizamini.

17.4.2.9 Ibikoresho byo kuyungurura: Ubushyuhe buke nubwoko bwumuvuduko, ukurikije ibivugwa mu gice cya 7 cya

ISO 10414-1: 2008.

17.4.2.10 Gupima silinderi: Babiri, bafite ubushobozi bwa ml 10 ± 0.1 ml na 500 ml ± 5 ml *

17.4.2.11 Igikoresho cyo kugaburira polymer (Ubwoko bwa Fann cyangwa ubwoko bwa OFI).

17.4.3 Uburyo bwo Kwipimisha - Gutakaza Amazi ya PAC-LV

17.4.3.1 Ongeramo 42 g ± 0.01 g yumunyu winyanja kuri 11 ± 2 ml y'amazi ya deioni.

17.4.3.2 Muri 358 g yumuti wumunyu winyanja, ongeramo 35.0 g ± 0.01 g ya potasiyumu chloride (KCl).

17.4.3.3 Nyuma yo gukurura iminota 3 ± 0.1 min, ongeramo 1.0 g ± 0.01 g ya sodium bicarbonate.

17.4.3.4 Nyuma yo gukurura iminota 3 ± 0.1 min, ongeramo 28.0 g ± 0.01 g API kugirango usuzume

17.4.3.5 Nyuma yo gukurura iminota 5 ± 0.1 min, kura igikombe gikurura muri stirrer hanyuma ubisibe kurukuta hamwe na scraper.

Ibipimo byose bya API bisuzuma ubutaka.Ubutaka busanzwe bwa API bwubutaka bwometse kuri scraper bwavanze mubihagarikwa.

17.4.3.6 Subiza igikombe gikurura kuri stirrer hanyuma ukomeze gukurura iminota 5 ± 0.1 min.

17.4.3.7 Gupima 2.0 g ± 0.01 g PAC-L.

17.4.3.8 Buhoro buhoro mugihe ukurura kuri stirrer, ongeramo PAC-LV kurwego rumwe.

Igihe cyo kongerwaho kigomba kumara amasegonda 60.PAC-LV igomba kongerwa kuri vortex mugikombe cyo kuvanga

kandi wirinde igiti gikurura kugirango ugabanye umukungugu.Nibyiza gukoresha ibikoresho byo kugaburira polymer muri 17.4.2.11.

17.4.3.9 Nyuma yo gukurura iminota 5 ± 0.1 min, kura igikombe cya stir muri stirrer hanyuma ukoreshe spatula kugirango ukureho byose

PAC-L yiziritse ku rukuta rw'igikombe.PAC-LVs zose zometse kuri scraper zavanze muguhagarika.

17.4.3.10 Subiza ikibindi kuri stirrer hanyuma ukomeze gukurura.Nibiba ngombwa, nyuma yiminota 5 niminota 10, kura stir

igikombe kivuye kuri stirrer hanyuma ukureho PAC-L yose yometse kurukuta rwigikombe.Igihe cyose cyo gukurura kuva i

gutangira kongeramo PAC-LV igomba kuba min 20 min 1 min.

17.4.3.11 Kuri 25 ° C ± 1 ° C (77 ° F ± 2 ° F),komeza guhagarikwa mubintu bifunze cyangwa bifunze kuri 16 h ± 0.5 h.

Andika gukiza ubushyuhe nigihe cyo gukiza.

17.4.3.12 Nyuma yo gukira, shyira ihagarikwa kuri stirrer kuminota 5 ± 0.1 min.

17.4.3.13 Suka PAC-LV ihagarikwa mugikombe cyo kuyungurura.Mbere yo kwisuka mubihagarikwa,menya neza kobyoseibice

cy'iyungurura igikombe cyumye kandi impeta ya kashe ntabwo yahinduwe cyangwa ngo yambare.Ubushyuhe bwo guhagarikwa bugomba kuba

25 ° C ± 1 ° C (77 ° F ± 2).Kugeza muri mm 13 (0.5 in) uhereye hejuru yikombe.Kusanya igikombe cyo kuyungurura, shyiramo akayunguruzo

uyifite, funga igitutu cyumuvuduko, hanyuma ushire ikintu munsi yumuyoboro.

17.4.3.14 Shiraho ingengabihe kuri 7.5 min naho indi igere kuri 30 min.Icyarimwe utangire ibihe bibiri hanyuma uhindure igitutu cyigikombe kuri

690 kPa ± 35 kPa (100 psi ± 5 psi).Umuvuduko ugomba gutangwa numwuka uhumanye, azote cyangwa helium.

Igomba kuzuzwa mu masegonda 15.

17.4.3.15 ubanza Mugihe cyigihe kirangiye gusa, kura kontineri hanyuma ukureho amazi yose yometse kumazi kandi

kujugunya.Amashanyarazi yumye ya ml 10 yashyizwe munsi yumuyoboro hanyuma filtrate irakusanywa kugeza kumunsi wa kabiri

igihe cyararangiye.Kuraho silinderi hanyuma wandike ingano ya filtrate yakusanyijwe.

17.4.4 Kubara - Gutakaza PAC-LV Ingano ya filteri V ibarwa ukurikije ikigereranyo (43) muri ml;

v-2xVe (43) aho: 1⁄2_ ingano ya filtrate yakusanyijwe hagati ya 7.5 min na 30 min.Igice ni ml.

17.5 Ikigaragara cyo Kwishakamo ibisubizo

17.5.1 Uburyo bwikizamini - Ikigaragara kigaragara cyo gukemura

17.5.1.1 Ongeramo 42 g ± 0.01 g yumunyu winyanja kuri 11 ± 2 ml yamazi ya deioni.

17.5.1.2 Muri 358 g yumuti wumunyu winyanja, ongeramo 35.0 g ± 0.01 g ya potasiyumu chloride (KCl).

17.5.1.3 Gupima 5.0 g ± 0.01 g PAC-Lv.Buhoro buhoro mugihe ukurura kuri stirrer, ongeramo PAC-LV kurwego rumwe.

Igihe cyiyongera kigomba kumara hafi umunota 1.PAC-LV igomba kongerwa kuri vortex mugikombe cyo kuvanga

kandi wirinde igiti gikurura kugirango ugabanye umukungugu.

17.5.1.4 Nyuma yo gukurura iminota 5 ± 0.1 min, kura igikombe cya stir muri stirrer, kura PACw yose yometse kurukuta rwigikombe

hamwe na spatula, hanyuma ukavanga PAC-LV yose yagumye kuri spatula kugirango ihagarare.

17.5.1.5 Subiza ikibindi kuri mixer hanyuma ukomeze gukurura.Nibiba ngombwa, kura igikombe cya stirrer muri mixer nyuma

Iminota 5 na 10 min, kura PAC-Ws zose zometse kurukuta rwigikombe.Igiteranyo gikurura igihe uhereye mugitangira cyo kongeramo

PAC-LV igomba kuba 20 min ± 1 min.

17.5.1.6 Kuri 25 ° C ± 1 ° C (777 ± 27), hagarika ihagarikwa rya 16 h ± 0.5 h mu kintu gifunze cyangwa gifunze.

Andika ubushyuhe bwo gukiza no gukiza igihe ”

17.5.1.7 Kangura ihagarikwa kuri stirrer kuminota 5 ± 0.1 min.

17.7.5.1.8 Suka igisubizo mu gikombe cy'icyitegererezo gifite viscometer yo gusoma itaziguye "kuri 25 ° C ± 1 ° C (77 Munsi

imiterere ya ° F ± 2), ihagarikwa ryasomwe kuri 600 r / min.

17.5.2 Kubara - Ikigaragara kigaragara cyibisubizo

Kubara ubwiza bugaragara bwigisubizo ukurikije formula (44), muri mPas:

VA = R600 / 2 (44)

R600-viscometer gusoma kuri 600 r / min.Andika ibisubizo byo kubara